Physics of Volleyball Essay Example for Free

Material science of Volleyball Essay Material science is the investigation of vitality and how it is moved starting with one molecule then onto the next. There is positively a ton of vitality moved among items and players in the game of volleyball. A couple of the ideas of material science that happen during volleyball incorporate gravity, uprooting, speed, increasing speed, shot movement, and power. These ideas are shown all through the various situations on the court. There are three primary parts of volleyball that incorporate material science, the first being relocation. This happens when a player moves to their situation on the court and when the ball moves from side to side. Uprooting is comparative with all situations on the court of volleyball since each of the six players ought to be equitably separated on their individual side. Every player on the court is doled out one of the six positions. Despite the fact that theyre just doled out one position, they move and change in accordance with the play as indicated by their colleagues and the heading of the ball. Also, speed is the speed of the player and ball. Speed is generally communicated as the adjustment in relocation in a given time. One of these regions where speed is found in volleyball would be the point at which a player spikes the ball. With the best possible speed, the ball will hit the floor without a protector having the option to respond rapidly enough to the assault. Thirdly, there is gravity, If there was no gravity the ball would not descend nor would the players. Gravity is basic to volleyball in light of the fact that without gravity the players would not have the option to remain on the ground and appreciate the game. Additionally, the ball would glide away from the individuals taking an interest in the game. There are two significant ideas of material science for serving, speed and increasing speed. As the ball’s speed expands its separation additionally gets more prominent. Since the ball is in consistent speeding up, the speed increments by a similar measure of time. With the best possible speed, the ball will hit the floor without a safeguard having the option to respond rapidly enough to the assault. Quickening goes connected at the hip with speed. Speeding up is characterized as the rate at which speed changes. The ball, alongside players on the court, both have quickening. There are times in a volleyball match-up when the ball has steady increasing speed, when the ball is served. At the point when the ball is hit by a player for a spike, the rate at which it comes to is most extreme speed is the quickening. So as to decide when to hit the ball, you have to compute the direction, speed, and situation of the set. When moving toward the ball, the body has dynamic vitality and this vitality transforms into likely vitality. This permits the player to hop higher. Since potential vitality is the result of the mass of the player, gravity, and the stature of the bounce, the tallness is the thing that decides how much potential vitality will be achieved. At the point when the player hits the ball, it puts however much energy into it as could be expected, the shorter measure of time the hand is in contact with the ball, the more prominent the force. Material science influences each part of the game of volleyball from hitting, safeguard and serving. Without the ideas of material science that happen during volleyball incorporate gravity, uprooting, speed, quickening, and power, there would not be the game. Understanding the material science behind the game can make somebody a superior player since they can figure out how the game functions and respond to it in like manner.

3 Patterns to Organize Your Cause and Effect Essay on the Food Movement

3 Patterns to Organize Your Cause and Effect Essay on the Food Movement Circumstances and logical results expositions answer the whats and whys of things that occur around us. You can contemplate any theme and question why something occurs and what are its impacts on us or our environmental factors. Here are a couple of guides to consider: Reasons of Using Computer Technology (Why we use PCs?) Impacts of Eating Trans-Fat Foods (How these nourishments influence our wellbeing?) Getting the thought? Here are three different ways to sort out a circumstances and logical results paper appropriately. So as to have a decent stream and meaningfulness in your composition, it is suggested that you structure your exposition as indicated by one of the three organizations referenced underneath: 1. Various Causes, One Effect Pattern In the event that you are clarifying a circumstance where one impact is the consequence of different causes, you’ll need to pick this example. In this structure, you’ll present your proposal first, at that point bolster it with three causes. Recall that each cause will have two remarkable parts; one where you’ll clarify the basic explanation behind the reason and the other where you shed light on the impact it had. 2. One Cause, Multiple Effects Pattern In the event that you need to clarify different impacts of one reason (food development, for instance), you need to design out your exposition dependent on this example. You have to unmistakably express the impact and afterward depict it in detail. So as to sort out your paper along these lines, ensure that you bolster the significant impacts with the minor impacts and give a few guides to add definition to your composition. 3. Causal Chain or Domino Pattern This example is for the most part liked and usually be utilized by understudies. This might be on the grounds that it by and large gives a smoother stream of words than different strategies. Here, you depict a reason and its impact, and lead it further to another reason or occasion, etc. Make certain to portray everything in detail and don’t neglect to include a few models each time you notice a reason and its impact. Composing your food development article by executing one of these three examples guarantees that your composing is intelligible and subtleties are mixed in easily. Utilizing advances in your composing where you need to clarify results and are assessing reasons, is consistently a decent approach. Here is a rundown of some normal changes: The principle motivation behind why Along these lines, Since, Since, As, One motivation behind why Thusly, There are different reasons as well; truth be told, †¦ Keep in mind, you should need to focus on a decisive completion in light of the fact that without that, your elegantly composed examination can crash and burn. To supplement your thoughts with a breathtaking end, repeat the postulation, consider the suggestions and express your emotions and expectations about it for what's to come. Presently your paper isn't just useful yet fascinating to peruse as well.

Concept cars essays

Idea vehicles papers Idea Cars: Automobiles for the Future Nobody realizes where autos are going yet idea vehicles give us a little window to investigate their future. Various automakers use idea vehicles in different manners and they all commit a great deal of time and cash toward building up their vehicles of things to come. The main thing an automaker does is choose what sort of market (what age gathering, what style of driving) it should focus to pick up the most clients. For example, Ford manufactures basically vehicles which target families with kids. Consistently Ford comes out with new ideas speaking to families. Models may incorporate four entryways, space for a pooch, and the capacity to go anyplace. Ferrari, then again, constructs vehicles for the rich auto devotee who likes to drive quick and race. Ferrari may come out with one new idea consistently focusing on this outrageous gathering of vehicle aficionados. All automakers make idea vehicles however they may investigate various thoughts and markets. Initially vehicle configuration was straightforward. All vehicles had four wheels, a few seats, an engine, and a directing wheel. Henry Ford offered his model T in any shading you need, as long as its dark. Today making vehicles has gotten progressively convoluted. Not exclusively should a vehicle look great however it likewise should be protected and eco-friendly. The vast majority of this weight originates from purchasers, however they arent the main ones who must be satisfied. The United States Congress pushes automobile creators likewise, however more along the lines of security and efficiency (Butterworth 1). They dont truly care what it looks like. Past gathering the requests of customers and Congress, vehicle fashioners should likewise make really constructing the vehicle simple on their vehicle engineers. For instance, some Mercedes Benz models have everything easily darted in from the motor to the suspension, rather than assembling singular pieces in a mechanical production system. This takes a great deal of time and in the vehicle building process time... <! Idea Cars articles To be known later on you need to think ahead into what's to come. This is the reason idea vehicles have gotten so well known in the recent decades. Very few individuals prevail with regards to making a fruitful idea vehicle; which are otherwise called a model. It is a hard and distressing task that takes a great deal of tolerance. Robert J. Waddell, leader of Motor Concept Vehicles of Mississauga, Ontario, took more than 6 years and spent more than 225 thousand dollars in building his idea vehicle (Morrison 1). The procedure takes such a long time since it isn't only the body of the vehicle that must be manufactured, yet in addition everything that goes inside it as well. After they construct a body they need to structure a motor that will fit in the engine, and on the off chance that they dont like it they need to revamp the motor or remake the body with different estimations. They can make a model that utilizes another kind of fuel to keep it running, however to make it road legitimate it must be transformed into a gas or gaseous petrol controlled vehicle. After a motor has been made it needs to experience two or three hundred-point investigation, which means it will check for spillage, splits, commotions, clatters and if important in any event, for parts in the motor. It is hard to ensure modified motors for outflows consistence to the degree it is essential, said Waddell (Morrison 2). The motor is then positioned into the form of a structure of the body to perceive how it will fit. Considerably after the refinements are finished with the motor the body may in any case need a lot of work. This is the reason they utilize a Silicon illustrations auxiliary, which would manufacture enough programming for planning or refining the body surfaces. What this machine does is it centers around a 500-square-millimeter field that gives them a 420,000 information direct that needs toward be overhauled or refined. So they have done each conceivable thing to the body to make it look adequate. It requires some investment attempting to locate the best look of a vehicle afte ... <! Idea Cars expositions Before a vehicle is made for retail it is for the most part as an idea vehicle. An idea vehicle is essentially a model of the vehicle later to be created. Idea vehicles for the most part comprise of highlights that won't be remembered for the fabricated vehicle. Fundamentally all car organizations at some point produce an idea vehicle. Vehicle Producers use idea vehicles for various reasons, one is to test it out to perceive how safe it is or how it performs. Another may be to show it at vehicle shows and see the publics response to their thought. Additionally they like to try different things with new thoughts, for instance: a powerful stream fan to pass over downpour rather than windshield wipers. Something else that they have tried different things with is cameras situated on the entryway rather than back view mirrors. A car organization that has many idea vehicles is Volvo. Volvo as of now has five idea vehicles. Idea Lab Volvo is the place the entirety of the idea vehicles are designed and tried. One of there idea vehicles is the SCC (Safety Concept Car). The SCC has incredibly best in class highlights intended for the drivers wellbeing and security. On include is utilizing your own unique mark as your key. Another component is induced eye filter which by examining your eyes modifies the guiding wheel, pedals, and seat to the most secure conceivable situation for your particular stature. That just gives you a thought of how far they are taking there thoughts over at the Volvo idea lab. Volkswagen additionally is chipping away at some idea vehicles. The Three idea vehicles the as of now have are the Microbus, the Beetle Dune, and the ACC. In spite of the fact that these ideas may not be as innovatively progressed as Volvos ideas, they do have some pleasant highlights. One element incorporates a route framework that permits you to do anything from seeing your motors current conditions also sitting in front of the TV. Another component, which is found on the Microbus, is web get to. ... <!

On Ageing by Maya Angelou Essay Example for Free

On Aging by Maya Angelou Essay Cautioning by jenny joseph is a clever method of looking towards mature age. It is composed as a monolog inside which the artist portrays how she will act when she is an elderly person. In The principal verse she discusses herself and records all the things she will do when she is old. She says she will wear the hues purple and red which are critical in the way that they are splendid showy hues. The two hues conflict with one another and would not be assembled by somebody who thinks about keeping up their appearance. One of the principle topics to this sonnet is the possibility of opposing the manner in which society anticipates that you should carry on and the possibility of not adjusting consequently she chooses to purposely say something with her appearance by wearing conflicting hues to show insubordination to the possibility of everybody looking the equivalent everybody acclimating. This thought of disobedience is additionally stressed when she says I will spend my annuity on cognac and state weve no cash for spread. She has concluded that she will be purposely troublesome and untrustworthy. She is frantic to defy the standards of dependable adulthood and change the manner in which she has consistently been escape from the balance of my childhood . The demonstrations she picks are innocuous and clever and she will probably pull off them as individuals will might suspect she is feeble. The way that these things are what she needs to do later on shows that she has never done this thus she could be stating that mature age is the ideal opportunity for opportunity and to escape from the principles in the public arena. Anyway this could likewise show that she is just ready to do these things with the reason of being older. She could never feel great to disrupt the guidelines without having the reason of being feeble and so on henceforth why she is holding up until mature age to do these things demonstrating that she is as yet caught in the standards of society. This shows the fundamental all the more discouraging picture behind the silliness that society doesnt take into consideration opportunity and the message of how the weight there is to acclimate keeps you from acting naturally. The entirety of the lines in the sonnet run on with a brisk pace into one another mirroring the energy and expectation for the things she discusses doing. All through she rehashes and I which likewise adds to the pace and vitality of the sonnet. The second verse itself is one long sentence in which she legitimately addresses the peruser with uplifting statements. She needs others to feel and have the option to do whatever they like without agonizing over the social weights of congruity, she could be imagining that on the off chance that everybody does this, at that point in the end those weights won't be an issue any longer.

Assesing the Curriculum for Special Education Essay

School can be especially trying for youngsters with uncommon requirements, incorporating those with consideration deficiency hyperactivity issue or ADHD, who regularly experience poor scholarly execution, conduct issues, and troubles with social cooperation. The circumstance can be additionally entangled by the way that there is no regular, unsurprising study hall style basic to all youngsters with extraordinary necessities, so far as that is concerned. It can likewise be difficult for guardians to tell the amount of any issue distinguished by an educator falls into the ordinary scope of a kid improvement, for instance what amount is because of ADHD, and what amount is because of existing together issue, for example, learning handicap, uneasiness issue, or troublesome conduct and others. Add to this reality that the state funded educational system here in the Philippines might not have Individualized Education Program (IEP) that will address the issues of these extraordinary youngsters. In this investigation, the analyst will utilize diverse essential strategies for surveying specialized curriculum educational plan how it might be incorporated into the standard or general instruction especially in the Philippine state funded educational system, without bargaining nature of training. Targets of the Study The goals of this exploration proposition are a) to evaluate the fundamental educational program of a specialized curriculum; b) to recognize the positive and negative impact of the coordination of such educational plan with the general instruction in the standard study hall and c) to distinguish viable homeroom and showing styles of a specialized curriculum. Articulation of the Problem such huge numbers of guardians who have a youngster with unique needs, especially ADHD, have a quandary with regards to putting their kids in state funded educational system in the Philippines, since they are excluded from the government funded school educational program. Also, most state funded teachers, if not a few, may not be completely mindful of the extraordinary needs of a kid with ADHD and so far as that is concerned, doesn't have uncommon abilities in managing such understudies. Just unique schools or some tuition based schools manage extraordinary youngsters or remember specialized curriculum for their general training educational plan. On November 2005, my six-year old little girl was determined to have consideration shortfall hyperactivity issue (ADHD). Since she was climbing to initially review, sending her to a state funded school was viable and a decent decision, yet dubious that the government funded educational system has instructive intercession for kids with extraordinary necessities like her, inside the standard study hall setting. Her formative pediatrician recommended for a conduct treatment and instructional exercise through a SPED School, besides however it was significant for my kid to communicate with youngsters her age in a typical study hall setting, so the arrangement didn't push through. . Extension and Limitation The Department of Education frequently focuses on the requirement for a decent government funded instruction which is free and available to each kid in the nation, incorporating youngsters with uncommon necessities, especially those with Attention-shortfall hyperactivity issue (ADHD) who originated from all degrees of society. It is in this manner essential to survey and assess custom curriculum educational program to check whether it very well may be coordinated in the standard homeroom. The custom curriculum assessment process requires the school region to survey the understudy in all zones identified with the speculated inability just as directing a far reaching instructive appraisal for combination to occur in a typical study hall. Most instructors accept that youngsters with handicaps and nondisabled kids ought to be shown together at whatever point conceivable. Detaching youngsters with incapacities may bring down their confidence and may diminish their capacity to manage others. The act of incorporating kids with incapacities into normal school programs is called mainstreaming, or consideration. Understudies with inabilities go to exceptional study halls or schools just if their requirement for extremely particular administrations makes mainstreaming unimaginable. Numerous youngsters with handicaps go to ordinary classes the greater part of the school day: They work with an uncommonly prepared educator for some portion of every day to improve explicit aptitudes. These meetings might be held in a classroomâ called an asset room, which might be outfitted with so much materials as Braille typewriters and help maps for dazzle understudies. Different understudies with inabilities go to exceptional classes a large portion of the day however join the remainder of the kids for specific exercises. For instance, understudies with mental impediment (MR) may join other youngsters who don't have MR for workmanship and physical training. Despite the fact that where guidance happens (the setting) is viewed as significant in the field of a custom curriculum, the sorts of curricular adjustments and mediations might be an increasingly significant region to concentrate on later on. Theory This exploration is significant in giving supportive thoughts according to a kid with exceptional requirements, particularly with ADHD, and the impact of learnings he will get, particularly in the state funded school setting, which gives free instruction to all. This exploration will help encourage a child’s scholarly and social achievement in school through a decent educational program structured explicitly for his needs, by surveying general training educational program through the Curriculum-based assessment and other related devices for appraisal and assessment. This examination will bargain on the inquiries: 1. What kind of school-related difficulties youngsters face regularly? 2. How successful is the custom curriculum educational plan to youngsters with exceptional requirements and what zones need improvement? 3. Which homeroom structures, lessons styles and lodging can best help the child’s learning? 4. By what means can the combination influence the standard study hall? Section II Related Literature Blankenship, C. S. , (1985). Utilizing educational program based evaluation information to settle on instructional choices. Uncommon Children, 52, 233-238. This article is a piece of an uncommon issue of Exceptional Children dedicated to Curriculum-Based Assessment. Blankenship portrays the fundamental highlights of CBA and gives proposals to advancement. She puts an exceptional accentuation on portraying how instructors can utilize CBA for educational plan arrangement, materials, and instructional methods. CBA and CBM Compare and Contrast www. teacherstoolkit. com/classroom1. htm CBA and CBM are investigated on this Web webpage. This is a decent site for teachers who are new to Curriculum-Based Evaluation as fundamental contrasts among CBA and CBM are portrayed. A couple of articles and books are referenced. CBA Techniques www. johnvenn. com/appraisal. htm The creator of this site, John Venn, is an educator of training at the University of North Florida and is a decent asset for instructors who are keen on actualizing CBA in their homerooms. Venn records in-class appraisal and elective evaluating methodologies. He focuses on how CBA methods are snappy, simple and that any instructor can utilize them. Deno, S. L. , (1985). Educational plan based estimation: the developing other option. Remarkable Children, 52(3), 219-232. Deno presents CBM as an elective appraisal approach that is both substantial and dependable. He talks about the points of interest and disservices of casual perception and furthermore normalized business accomplishment tests. Dizon, Edilberto I. , Ed. D. An Article: Educational Intervention for Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. UP College of Education, 1998. This article talks about the needs and rules in showing kids with ADHD. The creator talked about how to survey the study hall that would empower instructors to choose proper position and plan a redid instructive program for the youngster, even at a standard study hall. He likewise discussed structure inside in the homeroom, its association of seats and tables and guest plans and the workspace for the kid. It is additionally essential to survey the educational plan and its substance. To ensure that there is arrangement of errand examining for the various aptitudes of the youngster, to embrace expectant instructing and direction which underscore foreknowledge and preventive mediation. Directors ought to have the option to survey if educators can concentrate on forms as much as result in their instructing and are capable execute acceptable social administration inside the study hall. Lobby, T. , and Mengel, M. (2002). Educational plan based assessments. Wakefield, MA: National Center on Accessing the General Curriculum. Recovered [3/22/2008] from http://www. cast. organization/distributions/ncac/ncac_curriculumbe. html This production remembers conversations for scholarly evaluation, which is a long-standing convention in training. Appraisal as a rule includes estimation of understudy progress to educate. One degree of educating is ID or qualification dynamic, a subsequent level is that of illuminating guidance. Conventional evaluation instruments have constraints which limit their application for instructional program arranging. It additionally presents elective appraisal methods showing up in instructive writing over the most recent 20 years are Curriculum-Based Evaluations (CBE). Though normalized business accomplishment tests measure expansive educational program territories and additionally aptitudes, CBE measures explicit abilities that are directly being instructed in the homeroom, as a rule in fundamental aptitudes. It further expresses that evaluation ordinarily includes estimation of understudy progress to illuminate. The creator investigated the start of CBE, wherein huge numbers of its frameworks had their beginnings in the specialized curriculum space. At times, look into started explicitly in the independent custom curriculum study hall. In others, the underlying foundations of the estimation framework sprang from the craving to most fittingly incorporate understudies with incapacities into the general instruction study hall. The instruments depicted here under the name of Curriculum-Based Evaluations all had significant jobs and made commitments in research and practice in the general instruction class. Dwindles, Helen. An Article: Understa

Pursuing multiple fields

Pursuing multiple fields Aha! We have a question! Jon asks Also, I was wondering (uh oh heres a question) if you could tell me how easy it is to double major in two fields that are totally unrelated. For me I love both physics and literature but Im concerned that it will be too tough to try to get degrees in both. Well, Jon (and others who were wondering the same thing), there are different options you can follow to study multiple fields. For two related fields (like Course 7 and 9, for instance) its obviously more convenient to double-major than for two unrelated fields, but that doesnt mean that for unrelated fields, it cant be done. As you asked about Physics (Course 8) and Literature (Course 21L), lets use those as an example: No matter what your major is, you have to get credit for 8.01 (Physics 1), 8.02 (Physics 2), 18.01 (Single-Variable Calc), 18.02 (Multi-Variable Calc), 5.11x (Chemistry), 7.01x (Biology), and eight humanities classes (the humanities requirement is more complicated than that, but we wont get distracted by that here). For their departmental program, Course 8 students have to take 18.03 (Differential Equations) 8.03 (Physics 3 Waves and Vibrations) 8.033 (Relativity) 8.04 (Quantum Mechanics) 8.044 (Statistical Mechanics) 8.05 (Quantum 2) 8.06 (Quantum 3) 8.13-8.14 (Junior Lab, has the same number of units as 3 ordinary classes) 8.ThU (Thesis) Either 8.07 (EM 2), 8.08 (Stat Mech 2), or 8.09 (Classical Mech 2) An advanced (beyond DiffEq) math subject So, thats a total of 156 units beyond the General Institute Requirements (GIRs). For reference, a normal courseload is 48 units/term. For the 21L departmental program, students must take Three seminar-level lit subjects Seven additional lit subjects (again, the requirement is more complicated, but lets not get distracted) If we assume that three of those ten subjects satisfy GIRs (a reasonable assumption), then youre looking at around 84 units beyond the GIRs. Add that to your 156 from before, and you get 240 units beyond the GIRs, which is 2.5 years worth of work at a normal courseload. But theres a slight catch. In order to double-major, you need 270 units beyond the GIRs. So in addition to your GIRs and the classes in your majors, youd have to take 30 extra units (about 2.5 classes) to graduate. And that plus your GIRs will come to a little over 400 units, where four years worth of normal courseloads is 384 units. So, thats what sort of picture youre looking at. Maybe this sounds good to you. Or maybe, youd prefer something with a little more flexibility. After all, under the program described above, you dont have much room for classes outside your majors. In fact, you have to take more than 48 units at least one term in order to graduate in four years. Luckily, many departments offer a flexible option (such as 2A, 7A, or 8B), which is intended for students with multiple academic interests. Since were already looking at Course 8, lets look at 8B, for which you need: 18.03 (Differential Equations) 8.03 (Physics 3 Waves and Vibrations) 8.04 (Quantum Mechanics) 8.044 (Statistical Mechanics) 8.05 (Quantum 2) OR 8.033 (Relativity) OR 8.20 (Intro to Special Relativity) 8.13 (first half of Junior Lab) OR non-physics lab of similar intensity One other physics subject Three subjects forming an intellectually coherent unit in some area other than physics Now, this is ideal for a double-major because your three intellectually coherent unit subjects can be in your second major. So if you dont count those, this program requires about 90 units beyond the GIRs, as opposed to the 156 from the original physics program. Because you still need 270 units beyond the GIRs, youre still going to have to take close to the same large number of units as before, but a lot more of them can be used for whatever you want, not just your majors. But what if you want to study two fields in depth, but without so many units? If your two fields are a science field and a humanities field (as in this case) or an engineering field and a humanities field, theres a completely different degree option you can take 21S (for science/humanities) or 21E (for engineering/humanities). For either of these degrees, you take a bunch of subjects in your science or engineering field, and a bunch of subjects in your humanities field, and youre awarded a single degree that indicates both fields of concentration. If none of these appeals to you, you could simply minor or concentrate (a concentration is sort of a humanities mini-minor that you have to do if youre not majoring or minoring in humanities) in your second field.

Kindergarten Prep

Kindergarten Prep November 7, 2013 Ivy Coach recommends the kindergarten prep services of Say and Play Family in Manhattan. Need kindergarten prep? It no secret that Manhattan parents of rising kindergartners collectively let out a huge sigh of relief when it was announced that the use of the ERB would be eliminated in the kindergarten admissions process. But that relief didnt last long. Shortly thereafter, these same parents started wondering how Manhattan private schools would be determining which kids get into their kindergartens and which kids dont. They wanted to know how they can now prepare their children for the revised kindergarten admissions process. While Ivy Coach does not offer kindergarten admissions help to parents in Manhattan, we do recommend the services of Say and Play Family,  which was recently featured in an article of The Atlantic. So how exactly will private schools in Manhattan approach the new kindergarten admissions process? Well, schools will most likely step up their interview game. As schools will only meet with your four or five year-old for a short amount of time, making the right initial impression is critical! Your child needs to demonstrate their best kindergarten readiness skills during this most important interview. Stephanie Sigal, a speech therapist and her colleagues, an occupational therapist with a specialty in handwriting and a teacher, help Manhattan rising kindergartners prepare for this interview and there is much work to be done in this area. From early reading to writing to math abilities to speech and language skills, attention, following directions, critical thinking, and art skills, the team at Say and Play will work with your child so that they can ace the kindergarten admissions interview. For a more complete overview of Say and Play Familys kindergarten prep program, check out their kindergarten prep service offerings.

Why Racism Is an Issue in Need of Solution - 2455 Words

Introduction: In modern day America, racism is a prevalent issue that is often brushed to the side as an issue of the past. As a citizen in America we are under the assumption that, in accordance with the Declaration of Independence, Bill of Rights, and by Biblical standards, everyone is equal- therefore prejudice based on race is wrong. In order to establish how wrong racism is people should be educated about the reasons why and how to prevent it. The best way to do this is to teach about it in school curriculums. The quandary in this paper is that racism is not taught in schools to the adults and the youth today- the only ones that have a hope of making a real difference. While Racism is by no means new to society it is a covered matter up where people are often left ignorant of an issue that impacts thousands of Americans on a daily basis. Despite historical significance, racism is often glossed over in history classes even though it has a high influential impact on society. More often than not school history classes speed through from slavery, the Civil War, Jim Crow, and the Civil Rights Movement as a way to honor Black History Month; while important cases involving racism, like Brown vs. Board, Brown II, the case of Emmett Till, and the Clark experiment are often times left out because of the negative outlook it has on American society. In this paper I will utilize Scarry’s argument on the ‘right to exit’ and Curtis’s theory of human superfluous in order to betterShow MoreRelatedEssay On Problems Facing America973 Words   |  4 PagesFacts† in 2013 11.5 illegal immigrants came into the United States. 59% of those immigrants coming from Mexico alone! Three issues Americans face in 2017 are NFL Players kneeling for National Anthem , Racism, and Illegal Immigration. NFL players are kneeling for the anthem because they believe that they have a voice in the larger spectrum of racism and violence in America today. 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According to Christopher Merret’s Social Justice: What Is It, Why Teach It? Social Justice â€Å"can be defined in terms of a hierarchy of four ideas. First, that the foundation of a free society is the equal worth of all citizens. Second, the argument that everyone is entitled, as a right of citizenship, to be able to meet their basic needs for income, shelter, and other necessities.† He goes on with his next idea, â€Å"Third, self-respect and equal citizenshipRead MoreRacism At The University Of Mississippi1233 Words   |  5 Pagesstatus that has always dreamed of going to a world renowned university but the stench of racism sti ll looms at the well-known college. The racism displayed at this university is undeniable and very visible which in result scares away many diverse students. Colleges claim to be diverse but with the lack of minorities due to the recognizable racism issues and problems this proposes an important matter. Racism at The University of Mississippi can be solved by raising awareness of racial problems andRead MoreReligious Tradition And Religious Traditions1523 Words   |  7 Pagessecond scholarly approach is the ‘4 Step Process’ which is also by Stephen Prothero. First, there must be a problem. Second, there must be a solution to this problem, which also serves as a religious goal. Third, there must be a technique for moving from this problem to this solution. Fourth, there must be an exemplar who chart this path from problem to solution. This is a great approach because it helps to point out the differences across and inside religious traditions. The third scholarly appro achRead MoreA Girl Like Me, By Dr. Kenneth Clark1066 Words   |  5 PagesRacism has always been a hot topic issue in America. Starting, of course, with slavery and enduring long after its abolishment. Many try to put an end to it, but this is one of those things that will take many, many years to completely eradicate from society. In this paper, I will briefly discuss both the Clark Doll Experiment and the film A Girl like Me, discuss my opinion on racism in America, demonstrate how racism effects the schools, and discuss how and why my interpretation of this comparesRead MoreSocial Problems Associated With Racial Discrimination1209 Words   |  5 PagesParagraphs: II: Basic Information on the Issue A: According to Encyclopedia Britannica, race is determined by physical and personality traits, intellect, morality, and culture (â€Å"Racism†). Racial discrimination is discriminating someone based on their race or religion (â€Å"Racism/Color Discrimination†) or prejudice against an individual or group of people of a different race because of the belief that one’s own race is superior (â€Å"Racism†). B: Problems associated with racism range from social problems to financialRead MoreEssay on An Analysis of the Song Changes by Tupac1335 Words   |  6 PagesSubjects like racial-profiling, poverty and racism affect the everyday life of African-Americans. In the song â€Å"Changes†, Tupac gives an inside look at the daily life of a poor African-American. Tupac seems to be trying to express the idea that changes needs to be made in order to put an end to poverty and racism that African-Americans face every day. Tupac also criticizes the dispersion of African-Americans over the idea to unite and overcome the poverty and racism they face. The song was titled â€Å"Changes†

Mae Jemison First African-American Woman Astronaut

NASA astronauts have a love of science and adventure and are highly trained in their fields. Dr. Mae C. Jemison is no exception. Shes a chemical engineer, scientist, physician, teacher,  astronaut, and actor. Over the course of her career, she has worked in engineering and medical research and was invited to be part of a Star Trek: Next Generation episode, becoming the first NASA astronaut to also serve in the fictional Starfleet. In addition to her extensive background in science, Dr. Jemison is well-versed in African and African-American studies, speaks fluent Russian, Japanese, and Swahili, as well as English and is trained in dance and choreography. Mae Jemison's Early Life and Career Dr. Jemison was born in Alabama in 1956 and grew up in Chicago. After graduating from Morgan Park High School at the age of 16, she went on to attend Stanford University, where she earned a BS in Chemical Engineering. In 1981, she received a Doctor of Medicine degree from Cornell University. While enrolled at Cornell Medical School, Dr. Jemison traveled to Cuba, Kenya, and Thailand, providing primary medical care to the people living in these nations.   After graduating from Cornell, Dr. Jemison  served in the Peace Corps, where she supervised the pharmacy, laboratory, medical staff as well as provided medical care, wrote self-care manuals, developed and implemented guidelines for health and safety issues. Also working in conjunction with the Center for Disease Control (CDC) she helped with research for various vaccines. Life as an Astronaut Dr. Jemison returned to the U.S. and worked with CIGNA Health Plans of California as a general practitioner. She enrolled in graduate classes in engineering and applied to NASA for admission to the astronaut program. She  joined the corps in 1987 and  successfully completed her astronaut training, becoming the fifth black astronaut and the first black female astronaut in NASA history. She  was the science mission specialist on STS-47, a cooperative mission between the U.S. and Japan. Dr. Jemison was a co-investigator on the bone cell research experiment flown on the mission. Mae Jemison in Spacelab-J Crew Training: Jan Davis and Mae Jemison took part. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (NASA-MSFC) Dr. Jemison left NASA in 1993. She  is currently a professor at Cornell University and is a proponent of science education in the schools, particularly encouraging minority students to pursue STEM careers. She founded the Jemison Group to research and develop technology for daily life, and is heavily involved in the 100 Year Starship Project. She also created BioSentient Corp, a company aimed at developing portable technology to monitor the nervous system, with an eye toward treating a variety of related disorders and illnesses. Dr Mae Jemison attending the One Strange Rock premiere in New York City on March 14, 2018. She actively advocates for science literacy for all people. Getty Images/John Lamparski/contributor. Honors and Awards Dr. Mae Jemison was the host and a technical consultant to World of Wonders series produced by GRB Entertainment and seen weekly on the Discovery Channel. She has earned many awards, including the Essence Award (1988), Gamma Sigma Gamma Women of the Year (1989), Honorary Doctorate of Science, Lincoln College, PA (1991), Honorary Doctor of Letters, Winston-Salem, NC (1991), McCalls 10 Outstanding Women for the 90s (1991), Pumpkin Magazines (a Japanese Monthly) One of the Women for the Coming New Century (1991), Johnson Publications Black Achievement Trailblazers Award (1992),  Mae C. Jemison  Science and Space Museum, Wright Jr. College, Chicago, (dedicated 1992), Ebonys 50 Most Influential women (1993), Turner Trumpet Award (1993), and Montgomery Fellow, Dartmouth (1993), Kilby Science Award (1993), Induction into the National Womens Hall of Fame (1993), People magazines 1993 50 Most Beautiful People in the World; CORE Outstanding Achievement Award; and the National Medical Assoc iation Hall of Fame. Dr. Mae Jemison  is a member of the  Association for the Advancement of Science; Association of Space Explorers: Honorary member of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc.; Board of Directors of Scholastic, Inc.; Board of Directors of Houstons UNICEF; Board of Trustees Spelman College; Board of Directors Aspen Institute; board of Directors Keystone Center; and the National Research Council Space Station Review Committee. She has presented at the UN and internationally on the uses of space technology, was the subject of a PBS Documentary, The New Explorers; Endeavor by Kurtis Productions. She has actively advocated for science literacy, particularly among girls and women, and has spoken publicly about science and science education at many public events. In 2017 she was awarded the Buzz Aldrin Space Pioneer award and has been awarded nine honorary doctorates for her achievements. She also is part of the Lego Women of NASA set that appeared in 2017, joining such pioneers as Margaret Hamilt on, Sally Ride, Nancy Roman, and others. Jemison has often told students not to let anyone stand in the way of getting what they want. â€Å"I had to learn very early not to limit myself due to others’ limited imaginations, she said. I have learned these days never to limit anyone else due to my limited imagination.† Fast Facts about Dr. Mae Jemison Born: October 17, 1956 in Decatur, AL, grew up in Chicago, IL.Parents: Charlie Jemison and Dorothy GreenFirst African-American female astronaut.Flew aboard STS-47 September 12-20, 1992 as a Mission Specialist.Serves as a professor at Cornell University.Founded the 100-year Starship Project and advocates for science literacy.Appeared in Star Trek: The Next Generation and several other TV shows and films. Edited and updated by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

What Is a Likely Letter in College Admissions

A likely letter is an admission tool used by highly selective colleges and universities. It  notifies the schools top choice prospects in the regular applicant pool that an acceptance letter is likely to be coming in the future. Likely letters give colleges a way to begin recruiting top applicants without having to wait until official decision notifications in late March or early April. What Does a Likely Letter Typically Say? Likely letters  tend to flatter the applicant and hint at the arrival of an acceptance letter in the future. You can expect something like this: Greetings from the Office of Admissions at Ivy University! Im writing to let you know how impressed my colleagues and I were with your many accomplishments  both inside and outside of the classroom. We feel that your talents, interests, and goals are a great match for Ivy University. While we dont send out official offers of admission until March 30th, we thought youd like to know that you are very likely to be admitted. Congratulations! Does a Likely Letter Guarantee Admission? While a likely letter doesnt guarantee youll receive an acceptance letter, its pretty close to a guarantee. Keep your grades up, dont get suspended or arrested, and you will almost certainly receive good news from the college that sent you the likely letter. The letter itself wont be worded to guarantee admissions since that would be an acceptance letter, and sending out acceptance letters ahead of the official notification date would break the schools policies. But yes, you can pretty much count on getting in. Realize that even an official acceptance can be rescinded if your grades drop significantly, or you do something to get in trouble. When Do Colleges Send Likely Letters? February is the most common time to receive a likely letter, but they can come earlier or later. If you apply early in the fall, a few schools will even send out likely letters before the new year. This is particularly true if an athletic recruiter is actively working with admissions to woo the student. What Schools Send Likely Letters? Many colleges dont openly advertise their practices surrounding likely letters, so its hard to know how many schools actually use them. That said,  Harvard University,  Yale University, the  University of Pennsylvania  and all the other  Ivy League schools  use some form of likely letters. Most of the countrys  top universities  and  top liberal arts colleges  also use likely letters. Many colleges have rolling admissions, so they have no need for likely letters. They will simply send out an acceptance letter as soon as they have decided a student is a good match for the school. Far more private colleges and universities use likely letters than public institutions, but a few of the most selective public universities such as the  University of Virginia  do use them.   Why Do Colleges and Universities Send Likely Letters? If the college  admission process seems painfully selective and competitive, youre certainly correct if you are applying to the countrys most selective colleges and universities. But theres another side to the competition. Sure, lots of students are competing with each other to get those limited spots in the top schools, but those top schools are also competing with each other to get the strongest, most talented students. Enter the likely letter. In general, the nations most selective schools do not have rolling admissions. Most notify their entire regular admission applicant pool of admissions decisions in late March or early April. This means that three months often go by between the application deadline and the release of decisions. Thats three months during which other colleges could be actively recruiting and wooing students. If a student applies early in the admissions cycle—in October, for example—five months could go by between a student sending off that application and receiving an acceptance letter. Thats five months during which a students excitement for the school can diminish, especially if he or she is being actively courted with flattery and scholarships from another school. In short, if a college wants to get a strong yield from their top applicant pool, they will often employ likely letters. Likely letters allow them to communicate with top students, reduce the students wait time, increase the students excitement, and make it more likely that those students will enroll. I Didnt Get a Likely Letter, What Now? Dont panic--the majority of applicants a college admits do not receive likely letters. For example, in 2015 Harvard University sent out 300 likely letters. 200 of those letters went to athletes (likely letters are an important tool for schools to recruit those rare students who excel both academically and in athletics). The University of Pennsylvania sent out 400 likely letters in 2015. With a little rough math, that suggests that about one out of every six admitted students in the regular applicant pool received a likely letter. So if you received a likely letter, congratulations! The school saw you as an exceptional applicant and really wants you to attend. If you didnt get one? Youre in the majority. You might be disappointed to not receive a likely letter, but the game certainly isnt over.

Transmission Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )

Huge strides in the United States in controlling the rate of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been made resulting in a significant decrease of its incidence since the epidemic advent. During the epidemic’s height in the 1980s of the United States, the CDC estimated its incidence at about 150,000 new infections per year. This figure plateaued and dropped significantly during the 1990s due to introduction of highly effective antiviral treatments and due to a overall public cultural shift with promotion of HIV education, HIV testing, and condom use, especially among the LGBT community which was affected disproportionately by HIV infection. However, during the 2000s, a small, growing trend of incidence rates was seen,†¦show more content†¦It was estimated that between the years of 2006 and 2009 alone, the number of new HIV infections among all 13 to 24 year olds due to male-to-male sexual contact increased from 61% to 71%, respectively. This has many implications for public health efforts because previously those most affected by HIV infection were adult men who have sex with men (MSM). The current research and work to reduce HIV is therefore mainly aimed at the MSM population, which may not translate to curbing infection rates in YMSM. In fact, studies that have looked at individual risk factors (i.e. unprotected anal intercourse, or UAI) seen in MSM populations as associated to increased risk of HIV infection among YMSM have found large inconsistencies. Current theories in the literature suggest that individual characteristics, social norms, and behavioral patterns within the YMSM population are highly interrelated and evolving, and individually can not predict accurately who among the YMSM population is at most risk. One particular compounding variable is the growing use of technology. YMSM are using technology (i.e. GPS compatible smartphones) to seek sexual partners which is largely changing their constructed social enviro nment and relationship patterns. Therefore, there is a call to use a more multivariate model of risks to better understand useful preventative strategies to

Study into education and people with disabilities Free Essays

This essay will look at what supports are available for the parents of a five twelvemonth old male child with a physical disablement to enable him to go to mainstream school. The essay will look briefly at the historical position sing instruction and people with disablements, how constructs such as standardization and inclusion impacted on the integrating of people with disablements in mainstream school, therefore the term mainstreaming and the policies and supports that run alongside these constructs and if these policies are brooding of a rights based attack. Commissariats are in topographic point for kids below school age ( up to age 6 ) with physical disablements to go to particular pre-schools that have installations that support their demands ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Study into education and people with disabilities or any similar topic only for you Order Now But commissariats are non in topographic point for pre-school services within mainstream schools hence in relation to this subject the term school will associate to primary mainstream schools. Main Body In the Census 2002 it was estimated that about 324,000 people in the population were populating with a disablement ( National Disability Authority, on the Web, neodymium ) . Disability in relation to people is considered to be a â€Å" limitation in their capacity to take part in economic, societal or cultural life on history of a physical, centripetal, acquisition, mental wellness or emotional damage † ( Commission on the Status of People with Disabilities ( 1996 ) cited in Finnerty and Collins, 2005:277 ) . McDonnell ( 2003:28 ) suggests that disablement is non the existent â€Å" damage † but really the barriers within society that dis-enable the individual to take part within mainstream society. Harmonizing to Barnes and Mercer ( 2003 ) the political and societal perceptual experiences of people with disablements was challenged from the 1960 ‘s onwards in that the general position at the clip was to see the individual based on their sensed restrictions. These perceptual experiences were challenged by disablement groups on achieving rights that were attributed to other citizens to besides be attributed for people with disablements. One of the challenges to the traditionally held positions of disablement is the construct of standardization which Walmsley ( 1997 ) provinces was developed by Nirje ( 1969 ) to foreground that people with disablements should hold chances to bask the mundane happenings of life. In that what is the norm for the bulk should be available to people with disablements ( Mitchell 2004 ) . A cardinal component within standardization is inclusion ( Walmsley, 1997 ) . Inclusion became a cardinal component in the development of an integrated educational system ( Finnerty and Collins, 2005 ) . A cardinal factor in inclusion is to take the invisibleness that surrounded people with disablements in the yesteryear and that programmes such as incorporate instruction are a manner of leting kids with disablements to hold a more seeable and positive profile ( Dare and O’Donovan, 2002 ) . The Warnock Report ( 1978 ) cited in Dare and O’Donovan ( 2002 ) reviewed the educational demands of kids with disablements and found that kids with disablements should go to a mainstream school unless it could non supply satisfactorily for their peculiar demands. Education in the early 1900 ‘s was within a unintegrated format of particular schools for people with disablements that reinforced their exclusion from mainstream society. The construct of mainstreaming in which kids with particular demands were catered for within mainstream schools was introduced in Ireland in the 1970 ‘s and was regarded as a more appropriate manner of supplying incorporate instruction ( McDonnell, 2003 ) . But this proviso for particular educational demands within mainstream school still created exclusion in that the format was through particular demands categories and still created distinction ( McDonnell, 2003 ) . Although harmonizing to the Salamanca Statement ( 1994 ) on instruction for people with disablements, inclusion was regarded as proviso within mainstream schools ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . Rights Based Approach The European Social Charter ( 1996 ) states that people with disablements have â€Å" a right to independence, societal integrating and engagement in the life of the community † ( Lawson on the Web, nd:8 ) : and that it places an burden on its member provinces to set in topographic point supports that overcomes barriers to inclusion and engagement. Unfortunately this Charter has merely been signed off by a few member provinces and that the rights included within it have no legal demand. Harmonizing to Lawson ( on the Web, neodymium ) the rights based attack with respect to disablement provinces that people with disablements should hold the same rights as the bulk and that in order to accomplish this that three factors are cardinal. Engagement in their community should non be limited by social barriers such as attitudes towards disablement, or limited by handiness of supports. Engagement is affected by handiness. In that public services should be inclusive with respect to supplying entree for all, for illustration that public conveyance make proper adjustments for the demands of people with disablements. Underscoring the constructs of engagement and handiness are that authorities societal policies allow proviso for disablement issues within mainstream policy formation instead than specific disablement policies which in their nature create greater segregation of people with disablements. ( Lawson, on the Web, neodymium ) . Harmonizing to De Wispelaere and Walsh ( 2007:521 ) when services for people with disablements are still determined within a â€Å" societal public assistance theoretical account † in that the handiness of services are still decided by public organic structures that a rights based attack is non in topographic point. The rights based attack theoretical account would propose that the rights of a individual with disablements are specified in jurisprudence and that a deficiency of this proviso of those rights should let for resort through the general legal system. In Ireland there are presently three models for proviso of instruction for people with disablements, foremost the pupil can go to mainstream school with support from a resource instructor or particular demands helper. The 2nd option is the pupil can go to a particular category within the mainstream school or thirdly the pupil may go to a school designated as a particular school with supports for peculiar disablements ( The National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . Assorted statute laws have impacted on the proviso of instruction. The Constitution of Ireland ( 1937 ) states that every kid should hold entree to instruction ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . Education Act ( 1998 ) The Education Act ( 1998 ) stated that instruction was to be provided for all kids and specifically references that kids with particular educational demands be provided for and â€Å" have the same right to avail of and benefit from appropriate instruction as do their equals † ( National Council for Special Education, 2006:79 ) . The Education Act ( 1998 ) allowed that support would be available for extra educational resources such as appraisals of pupils, proficient AIDSs but these excessively were assessed as to what was appropriate and were non an automatic entitlement ( De Wispelaere and Walsh, 2007 ) . The Act besides provided for the puting up of the National Council for Special Education that would move as an independent administration that would within its maps co-ordinate the allotment of educational supports ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . The Act ( 1998 ) stated that kids with disablements had a right to education but the term â€Å" appropriate † allowed for measuring based on what resources were available ( De Wispelaere and Walsh, 2007:532 ) . Therefore this would propose that the Act was non rights based in that the proviso of supports were decided non by factors of engagement or inclusion but by resources. Education Welfare Act ( 2000 ) The Education Welfare Act ( 2000 ) although its chief purpose was to advance attending at schools, is of effect to kids with disablements in that many kids with disablements are non go toing schools because no appropriate school is available. The enrollment procedure within the Act allows that such kids that are being schooled at place are to be assessed by the Health Service Executive to guarantee that the kid is having a criterion of instruction expected, although there is no index of the expected minimal criterion for kids with disablements ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . Equal Status Act ( 2000 ) and ( 2004 ) The Equal Status Act ( 2000 ) amended in ( 2004 ) promoted equality and prohibited favoritism in relation to entree and proviso of services with respect to nine factors of which favoritism because of disablement is one ( Government of Ireland, 2000 ) . In relation to education this considers admittance policies, entree for the pupil to school, edifice or supports ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . But the Act besides states that favoritism can non be considered if it is judged that â€Å" sensible adjustment † was made to let for entree or a â€Å" disproportional load † would be placed on the service supplier to do adjustments, ( National Council for Special Education, 2006:81 ) . For illustration in relation to the scenario, the kid that has the physical disablement might non be able to go to his local primary school because although adjustments such as a incline were installed, that in order to supply other adjustments that it would put a disproportio nal load on the school. Bruce ( 1991 ) cited in Quinn and Redmond ( 2005:145 ) suggests that the entree right besides relates to back up that provide for â€Å" engagement in the societal and cultural life of the community † . Therefore certainly the attending at a local school could be seen as a agency of inclusion for the male child and that exclusion by the school because of no duty to supply services beyond their resources could be considered a misdemeanor of rights with respect to entree as per Bruce ( 1991 ) cited in Quin and Redmond ( 2005 ) . But the fact that the proviso of services is non rights based eliminates the duty of the school to supply services beyond their resources ( De Wispelaere and Walsh, 2007 ) . Education for Persons with Particular Educational Needs Act ( EPSEN ) ( 2004 ) Harmonizing to the National Disability Authority ( 2005 ) the Education for Persons with Particular Educational Needs Act ( EPSEN ) ( 2004 ) set out through its purposes of appropriate instruction, appraisal of identifying of demand, single instruction programs, general allotment system and entreaties to present inclusive instruction for kids with particular educational demands. The Act set out that schools have a responsibility to include kids with particular educational demands and that adjustments are to be made to let inclusion, that the school principal in peculiar had a function to place kids with particular educational demands and arrange appraisal. The appraisal would let the school to use for extra support ( National Disability Authority, 2005 ) . A â€Å" General allotment system † was established that would apportion lasting instructor stations based on the degree of high incidence disablements within the school and the allotment of hours for resource instructors or particular demands helpers for low incidence disablements ( National Council for Special Education, 2006:41 ) . Harmonizing to the National Disability Authority ( 2005 ) the Act stated that the school in partnership with the parents and other professionals would pull up an single educational program to let for the instruction of the kid. The school could be designated by the National Council for Special Education to supply a topographic point in their school for a kid. The Act besides introduced that parents could inform the instructors if they were unhappy with the instruction provided for their kid and that the school was required to turn to this issue. The procedure of entreaties and an Appeals Board was set up to let for referral of differences and possible declaration of differences ( National Disability Authority, 2005 ) . A study by the National Disability Authority ( 2006 ) to reexamine the EPSEN Act ( 2004 ) highlighted assorted facets that were positive and negative. That the General Allocation System was positive in general in that it recognised that supports were needed. But that establishing allotment on degree of high incidence disablements in attending could ensue that pupils that are non within the high-incidence bracket will lose supports that otherwise let them to go to mainstream schools. For illustration described within the low incidence disablements are physical disablement, hearing damage, moderate general acquisition disablement and autism. Concern was raised by parents that kids that were described within high incidence disablements would be more likely to be go toing particular schools that would be more able to supply for their demands. Therefore the degree of high incidence attending would be by and large low in mainstream schools which would impact on allotment of resources as pe r the General Allocation system ( National Disability Authority, 2006 ) . The study stated that the disablements listed within low incidences does non reflect the diverseness of demand sing supports for integrative instruction and that the General Allocation System by its nature excludes instead than includes ( National Disability Authority, 2006 ) . Many parents report that entree to mainstream schools for their kids with particular educational demands is hard in that the appraisal of demand for kids is the necessity of the Health Service Executive. Parents are holding jobs deriving appraisal and secondly that the waiting clip for such appraisals is long ( National Disability Authority, 2006 ) . The appraisal of demand will non needfully measure up that the kid can so travel to a local school in that the school may non be able to supply the adjustments required. With respect to kids with physical disablements the perceptual experience seems to be that if the school provides a incline that it has provided sufficient supports. That the burden is non on schools due to allotment of resources to supply services that have been assessed as needed by the kid and can ensue in the kid being marginalised and excluded if the kid were to stay in mainstream school. Besides that the general physical environment within mainstream schools was non needfully suited to the demands of a kid with disablements and that the inclusion within the school would non be in the kid ‘s best involvements. The assessment procedure is harder to entree for Particular Schools unless they are portion of a clinic that has a resident psychologist. The assessment procedure is in itself labelling in that the p erceptual experience of appraisal of demand automatically deduce an educational restriction within the kid which may non be the instance ( National Disability Authority, 2006 ) . The inclusive construct of the EPSEN ( 2004 ) was positive in that it gave kids with disablements an chance to socialize with their equals but that the deficiency of supports consequence in exclusion as the kid can non to the full incorporate without these supports ( National Disability Authority, 2006 ) . An inclusive educational system provides for the diverse demands of all the kids in attending and by offering different supports for the kids needs it celebrates diverseness and encourages engagement harmonizing to Florian and Rouse ( 2009 ) . But allotments based on available resources could propose that the Act has failed in its purposes of inclusion ( National Disability Authority, 2006 ) . The troubles in deriving entree and supports has resulted that the duty frequently falls to the parents of kids with disablements to supply the educational support ( Power, 2008 ) . Besides the Act states that the particular needs helpers will hold no function in proviso of instruction but th e proviso of attention for the kid ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . But the functions of the particular demand helpers have become education proviso in that resources have impacted on educational supports and that the particular needs helpers are non trained for this function ( National Disability Authority, 2006 ) . It had been forecasted that the Act would be implemented by 2010 budgetary restraints have delayed the execution of many elements of the Act ( National Council for Special Education, 2008 ) . The system of specifying low-incidence and high-incidence is non rights based in that it does non turn to the single demands of the kid regardless of what incidence they are within and that the allotment of extra resources such as instructors, particular needs helpers and resource support instructors based on the incidences of grades of disablement is non declarative of an participatory programme. The General Allocation System is non rights based in that the system of allotment of resources based on figure of kids with high incidence disablements is prejudiced towards the kids with disablements within the low incidence bracket ( National Disability Authority, 2006 ) . Disability Act ( 2005 ) The Disability Act ( 2005 ) although non straight linked to instruction does hold mention in that it provided for the right to supply for an appraisal of demands sing wellness and instruction, roll uping a service statement, but it does non automatically imply proviso of services to fit demands. Besides the right to appeal determinations sing appraisal and service statement but that there was no resort through the legal system ( National Council for Special Education, 2006 ) . The Disability Act ( 2005 ) although supplying for appraisal of demands sing wellness and instruction have non allocated a minimal degree of service bringing as per the Irish Human Rights Commission ( 2004 ) cited in De Wispelaere and Walsh, ( 2007 ) . That although the appraisal of demand is a definite right that it is undermined by the clause that the Service Statement after the Assessment Report allows that services may non be provided if it is â€Å" non possible or practical to supply † ( De Wispelaere and Walsh, 2007:532 ) and would therefore suggest that the Act is non rights based statute law. Harmonizing to De Wispelaere and Walsh ( 2007 ) with respect to the Disabiltiy Act ( 2005 ) that although a right to appeal is mentioned that the entreaty procedure is drawn-out, in that an entreaty will hold to be addressed by a liaison officer, ailments officer, and entreaties officer whereby the determination made is concluding and that so the lone resort is an entreaty through the High Court. That a individual with a disablement is prevented from availing of an independent justice such as an Ombudsman until the internal entreaty procedure is completed suggests that the entreaties procedure is â€Å" dis-abling † ( De Wispelaere and Walsh, 2007:534 ) . Harmonizing to De Wispelaere and Walsh ( 2007 ) the rights based attack that proviso of services should be a legal right based on demand appraisal has two defects. First that the outlook of bringing of services could ensue in a continual demand on public resources. Second that the warrant of bringing of service could be considered to â€Å" undemocratic † if the proviso of â€Å" disablement rights † were to dispute the rights of a authorities to make up one’s mind â€Å" economic and societal policies † ( De Wispelaere and Walsh, 2007:523 ) . They proposed that a rights based attack should instead than guarantee that all demands are met, that people with disablements should wish the bulk of people have the right to dispute when services are non in topographic point through the general legal system. With respect to the scenario at the start of the essay for the parents of a male child aged five to go to his local primary school and what supports would be available to him. The Disability Act ( 2005 ) allows that the male child ‘s demands are to be assessed but that the bringing of services will be dependent on the equal resources available ( De Wispelaere and Walsh, 2007 ) . Therefore the kid might be assessed to hold a peculiar demand but it would non be the duty of the local primary school to supply the services required for his demand if it was beyond their abilities and resources. The fact that there is no legal demand on a service supplier to guarantee service bringing that would let this male child to go to the school would propose that there is no rights-based attack with respect to disablement statute law and policies in Ireland ( De Wispelaere and Walsh, 2007 ) . Decision Legislation has been put in topographic point within the Irish system that aims to supply instruction for people with disablements. In order to to the full take part entree to instruction and acquisition is overriding but it would look that the rights of the individual with a disablement to hold an equal opportunity of full instruction is determined by standards that measures degrees of disablement instead than diverseness of demand and that adjustment of supports is determined non as a right but as to what resources will be deemed appropriate by Government Departments. Besides that the purposes of the statute law to turn to peculiar issues sing instruction of people with disablements are weakened by the inclusion of clauses such as â€Å" sensible adjustment † and â€Å" disproportional load † ( National Council for Special Education, 2006:81 ) and would propose that the right to instruction is non as clear cut for kids with disablements. Besides disablement rights in Ireland have non received a unequivocal standard sing which rights must be protected and to what grade and that in order to be genuinely rights based this must be the instance ( De Wispelaere and Walsh, 2007 ) . Mention Listing Barnes, C. , and Mercer, G. , ( 2003 ) , Cardinal Concepts: Disability, Cambridge: Polity Press. Dare, A. , and O’Donovan, M. , ( 2002 ) , Good Practice in Caring for Young Children with Special Needs, ( 2nd ed. ) , Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes Publishers Ltd. De Wispelaere, J. , and Walsh, J. , ( 2007 ) , ‘Disability Rights in Ireland: History of a Lost Opportunity ‘ , Irish Political Studies, 22, ( 4 ) 517-543. Finnerty, K. and Collins, B. , ( 2005 ) , ‘Social Care and Disability ‘ in Share, P. , and McElwee, N. , Applied Social Care An Introduction for Irish Students, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan. Florian, L. , and Rouse, M. , ( 2009 ) , ‘ The Inclusive Practice Project in Scotland: Teacher Education for inclusive instruction ‘ , Teaching and Teacher Education, 25, ( 4 ) , 594 – 601 available from hypertext transfer protocol: //0-www.sciencedirect.com.acpmil02web.ancheim.ie/science? _ob=MImg A ; _imagekey=B6VD8-4VS3P0D-2-1 A ; _cdi=5976 A ; _user=885332 A ; _pii=S0742051X09000353 A ; _origin=search A ; _coverDate=05 % 2F31 % 2F2009 A ; _sk=999749995 A ; view=c A ; wchp=dGLzVzb-zSkWb A ; md5=c293d3d6d7d0f038a88dbfde27e20cea A ; ie=/sdarticle.pdf. [ Accessed 22 October, 2010 ] . Government of Ireland, ( 2000 ) , Equal Status Act, Dublin: Government Stationery Office. Lawson, A. , ( neodymium ) , The EU Rights Based Approach to Disability Some Strategies for Determining an Inclusive Society available from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.make-development-inclusive.org/docsen/RBADisability.pdf [ accessed 19 October, 2010 ] . 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Employee Absenteeism Is a Well Recognized - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: How To Employee Absenteeism Is A Well Recognized? Answer: Introduction In any organisation, employee absenteeism is a well-recognised problem due to fixed work schedules. Absenteeism can be defined as failure of employee to report to work as per schedule irrespective of the reason. This behaviour can be caused by several reasons such a sick leave, occupational deviance, bereavement and other situations. If absenteeism at work place increases, it affects a business in many ways. It may include global incidence, direct cost, service quality and indirect cost (Gosselin et al. 2013). This research proposal is the part of the responsibility given to me by the Head of Human Resources of International Conglomerates (IC) to conduct a research project concerning performance management. The IC proposes to identify why the level of absenteeism across their sales divisions markedly above the industry average since the last five years. The organisation operates sales teams across three sites in France, India, and Brazil. The number of employees in each team are as follows: France 55; India 123; Brazil 35. Each team is led by a regional sales manager who reports directly to the Head of Sales in each country. The first part of the proposal involves current literature review on the topic and investigates the causes of absenteeism. The rationale for investigating this topic is plethora of literature available on the absenteeism and loss of business productivity in the sales division. Research Aim and objectives A workplace is a complex environment and is affected by several problems. One of the main affecting factors is the absenteeism. Few small factors can affect absenteeism in a great way. However, the cumulative effect of these small factors have a huge impact. Therefore, the research aims to interact with the employees and the managers to identify the cause of rate of absenteeism above the industry average in three sites of the organisation that is France, India, and Brazil. It will help to identify if human resource management strategies align with the evidenced based options available in literature. Based on the data collection the researcher intends to suggest any measure to reduce absenteeism. The objectives of research are: To identifying the factors contributing to absenteeism in the target organisation To assess the impact of the problem on organisation Recommend preventive strategies to reduce absenteeism and performance management Literature review Before finalising the topic of the research, it was decided to check the feasibility of the investigation. Firstly, the availability and accessibility of the relevant data and information is checked. A quick examination of online databases and libraries indicated a presence of rich data on absenteeism. The rationale for investigating this subject is personal interest industrial relation where the topic absenteeism and its significance was explored. The impact of absenteeism can be felt directly by the organisation. It was found from the literature review that there are no underlying theories on the chosen subject. However, there are several theories explaining why an employee fails to attend the work. The available information and statistics highlights that absenteeism is the growing problem in many parts of the world. This is the area of high concern among the manager and the researchers. In UK and US the absenteeism crisis in workplace is high prevalent. The most effected with this crisis are small and medium sized enterprises and absenteeism involves both genuine and non-genuine causes (Tillett et al. 2015). Due to this absenteeism trend, the businesses in UK are losing around 7 days a year per employee. In UK, 23% of the firms report non-genuine absences. It is the primary cause of the short-term time off workmainly for the non-manual workers. Currently, the British firms are losing productivity worth of a week, which is found to have detrimental effect on their bottom lines. According to Soane et al. (2013), the cause of absence in majority of cases is due to illness and domestic reasons. The other common cause is accidents out of work and in workplace. A company sick pay scheme is the cause of absenteeism in 8% of the cases and the nature of the work and stress in 5% of the cases. Apart from the absence due to sickness, other absences are taken which are avoidable. It may include stressors in job environment, individual work ethic and characteristics, human resource management and company leadership policy. The cause of absenteeism due to relationships at workplace is found in 2% of cases and is mainly related to depression and anxiety at workplace. Therefore, it is important to know the exact cause of absenteeism and if it is avoidable (Merrill et al. 2013). Mowday et al. (2013) examined the cause of absenteeism and found that it cannot be explained in single factor. The paper explained the psychology of the employee abseteesim. There are multiple factors contributing to the absenteeism at job which includes nature of job, characteristics of employee, employees commitment, culture of the workplace, and extrinsic motivation at workplace. According to the equity and exchange theory an employee expects a reward as a fair exchange of what they have contributed to the business in terms of knowledge, skills and commitment. Therefore, rewards may be related to the extrinsic motivation such as pay and benefits and intrinsic motivation such as job satisfaction. Bhui et al. (2012) highlighted that ability to attend office, job satisfaction and work pressure together determines absenteeism. Stringent conditions in workplace may affect the ability to attend. Some may prefer not to take absent out of fear of losing the job. Mowday et al. (2013) studi ed that increased rate of absenteeism is related to management of absenteeism. It may happen due to firms not able to monitor the absence levels. Firms should be able to control the rate of absenteeism. Any reluctance at its end will reduce the pressure on the management to correct the problem. There are several negative implications of employee absenteeism. It increases unnecessary cost to productivity. The direct cost is the sick pay schemes of the company which together with other leaves and holidays may add to the companys burden. Many other indirect costs are quantifiable. The financial burden on many firms is increasing and adding to unnecessary repercussions for productivity. Replacing an absent worker with other person increases surplus of staff to maintain business productivity. There is a huge waste of managements time due to reorganisation of schedules. The shortage of staff adds burden on other working members in the organisation. It may lead to job stress and burn out among the remaining employees. If the absenteeism is proliferated, it may lead to absence mentality and acceptance of absconding behaviour (Deery et al. 2014). The set of strategies used by the human managers to reduce absenteeism include improved communication, employee commitment, discipline, return to work interview and incentives. The study executed by Kehoe and Wright (2013) showed that organisation implementing control measures to prevent absenteeism helps reduce the problem. Lack of trained supervisors, managers fails to counsel employee and control absence. If the managers have high commitment for their profession it s reflected in their behaviour which in turn have impact on labour turnover, job performance and absenteeism. High level of commitment among the employees leads to strong belief in accepting the organizations values and goals. Commitment helps the organization to exert considerable effort to retain manpower which is the main goal of human resource manager (). Most firms experiencing high rate of absenteeism is due to low level of effort given by the human resource department to eliminate absenteeism. Lack of disciplinar y practices in the organization is the other major cause of increased absenteeism (). The corrective action for human resource managers is to set minimum standards of attendance and other disciplinary control. Those firms having strategy for employee motivation in terms of innovative incentive and bonus schemes have reduced absenteeism. In some firms with low absenteeism it was found that non-financial benefits have been more effective in reducing absenteeism (Gosselin Lemyre and Corneil 2013). It can be concluded from the literature review that absenteeism is the cumulative effect of individual characteristics and organizational response to the cues. Research design and Methodology Paradigm of Enquiry The paradigm of enquiry for this research proposal is positivism research philosophy, descriptive research design and deductive research approach. Both primary and secondary data will be collected for investigating why the absenteeism rate is more than the industry average in the target organisation. Both quantitative and qualitative research paradigm will be used for this study. The research will employ survey and interview method for data collection from the participants selected using both probability and non-probability sampling method. Precautions have been taken to ensure the reliability and the validity of the research. Research Methodology The research methodology is the structure of the research, which consist of the method outline and the research onion. The methodology analyses the research philosophy, design and approach with rationale for its use in the research proposal. It also includes data collection, sampling technique, and research ethics. Research onion is used to conclude the research methodology. The different layers of the research onion act as a framework to conduct the research in the systematic manner (Keraminiyage 2013). Figure : Research Onion (Source: Keraminiyage 2013) The four types of research philosophies are pragmatism, interpretivism, positivism and realism. The realism philosophy is the longitudinal study and the data given by the participants is assumed to reflects the research findings. The Interpretivism is used to interpret the data as a respondent and is a cross-sectional study. It does not involve data testing rather data is constructed using human reasoning and perceptions. It is therefore, considered inappropriate for this research. For this study, positivism philosophy will be used which assumes that the facts already existing in the universe can be scientifically analysed. It is justified because it aligns well with the deductive process. It is justified because the empirical data collected can be used to test the existing theories (Creswell, 2013). There are two types of research approach including deductive and inductive. In deductive approach or waterfall approach, a complex data is converted into a simpler form using quantitative research paradigm. On the other hand, the inductive approach involves building of a theory or hypothesis and involves qualitative approach. Inductive approach is suitable for exploring a subject using how and why inquiries. For this research, deductive approach is used. It is appropriate for the study because a research is conducted based on the existing research and theories. The subjective data collected from the employees on absenteeism needs to be confirmed with the secondary data. Due to time constraint there is no scope of building new theory therefore inductive approach is avoided (Barratt et al. 2015). Research design The framework or plan that guides the research study, data collection and analysis is referred to research design (Kelly et l. 2014). The steps of research design is given below- (Created by author) Problem definition is the first step in the research process. If the research problem is not clearly defined the research objectives will also turn wrong thus making the entire process a big waste of time (Kelly et al. 2014). This is the critical stage and the defined problem is to establish the reason for absenteeism rate above the industry average in the target organisation X. This creates an excellent opportunity to the managers to assess the situation and rectify the problem. Without research design it is difficult to attain the research aims and objectives. Research design directs the exploration involving procedural steps. There are three types of research design, which are explanatory, exploratory and descriptive. Exploratory research is used when a research issue is to be comprehend but is not discussed anywhere in exhaustive manner. Therefore, exploratory research builds a ground for exploration. The explanatory research on the other hand helps in data collection and selection of subject. This helps in enquiring an issue in details and establishes a relationship between set of variables. However, descriptive approach is used where the research issue is well known and can be investigated using top to bottom approach and in-depth analysis (Pickard 2013). Descriptive approach is suitable for this purpose as it will help to analyse and find out as to what and how the employees are take more week offs then scheduled. Data Collection Methods The major stage of any research process is the collection of data. This step ensures obtaining the relevant information pertaining to the subject. There re two types of data used in the research project including primary and the secondary data. When data is directly collected from the respondents or the research participants it is called as primary data. On the other hand, the data collected from the journals, books, newspapers and other databases is referred as secondary data (Sarantakos 2012). In this research the primary data will be collected from the employees and managers of the three sales division of the target organisation X to know why the rate of absenteeism has exceeded the industry average. The nature of the data collected can be both qualitative and quantitative. Quantitative data is the numeric data represented by charts and graphs. Qualitative data is the descriptive data that includes themes and patterns and are non-numeric in nature (Taylor et al. 2015). This resear ch proposes the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data. It is also referred as Mix method and is used for gaining a detailed perspective on the research problem, which is the cause of increased absenteeism in recent years in the target organisation. For any research project, it is essential to have an appropriate instrument to collect the desired data. In academic research, there are multitudes of research instrument available such as interview, questionnaire, focus groups, experiments and observations (Pickard 2012). The collection of data and the instrument to be used is guided by academia and literature to give legitimacy and reliability of the research. For quantitative data collection survey questionnaire will be used. The questionnaire will be given to 54 employees randomly selected from three sales division France, Brazil and India. The questionnaire includes close-ended Likert scale response. The responses are graded as Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree, and Strongly Agree. The quantitative data is collected with the aim to ensure the generalisability of the data and to obtain specific response pertaining to the problem area. During the development of the questionnaire the chance of bias response and errors will be eliminated (Creswell 2013). For qualitative data collection, interview method is used. Interview will be conducted with the regional managers and the human resource managers. For this research the interview will be conducted for 40 minutes. The purpose of descriptive data is to gain broad perspective based on the employees and managerial responses. Therefore, the interview will be based open-ended questions (Pickard 2012). Data Analysis procedures/techniques Data analysis is a high-risk task as any misinterpretation of the data may result in obtaining wrong information. It may defeat the very purpose of research. Qualitative data analysis- is performed by observational analysis. The employees and managerial responses were analysed by coding the transcripts from the audio-recorded interview. Themes are developed from the transcript and is analysed with the help of literature (Creswell 2013). Quantitative data analysis- distinct responses are obtained from the likert scale questionnaire. To analyse the scattered and the diverge responses the data will be converted to frequencies and percentages using SPSS tool. In quantitative data, it is easy to derive the research outcomes using central tendency. It will help in presenting the data in the form of tables and charts to get a generalised and inferential view (Treiman 2014). Sampling Appropriate sampling method is necessary which if failed may lead to contamination of the data and reduce the overall quality of the findings. Either probability or non-probability sampling technique can be used in the research. In this research both sampling methods are used. In Simple Random Sampling Technique, which is a probability, sampling a randomised process is employed for selecting the participants. This method prevents the contamination by human interference (Thompson 2013) Convenience Sampling Technique, which is a non probability sampling the participants are selected in biased manner to obtain insightful responses on the chosen topic (Mitchell and Jolley 2012). It is used for selecting the 3 regional managers. For this research proposal a total of 60 participants are chosen involving regional (3) and human resource managers (3) and employees (54) from three sites France, Brazil and India. Ethical Issues Ethical issues are inevitable when participating in research and the researchers are accountable for their own ethical conduct. In the process of research design, ethics is an important part. It helps in planning the data collection method, requesting access to organisation and the respondents for reporting the data. All the guidelines in the Data Protection Act 1998 will be complied while conducting the research (Barratt et al. 2015). When conducting this research, precautions will be taken to ensure confidentiality and privacy of the data collected. A written consent will be given to the participants that the information shared will not be used for any commercial purposes. The research values building trust with the respondents. A potential mentor was consulted to resolve issues while developing questionnaires. Participants will be given autonomy to respond to the questions without exerting external pressure (Deterding et al. 2015). Research timeline The subsequent levels of research onion is directed by the time horizon. Crossectional examination and longitudinal research are the two types of time horizons used in research. The longitudinal timeline is not used here as it is applicable for long term studies and for managing the gagging changes in this period (Treiman 2014). Since the time accessible is constraint cross sectional time line is used as it includes studying specific event at a particular time. Therefore, the research aims to complete the survey and interview process in 8 weeks time. The total research process is intended to complete in 10 weeks of time. The timeline of the research helps on to decide upon the sequence of events that needs to be carried out in the research. Task Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Selection of topic of Research and Justification Construction of literature Selection of appropriate methods Data collection Data analysis and representation Reviewing the outcomes Conclusions and recommendations Submitting draft of the project Printing and final submission Table : Time line of the research References Barratt, M.J., Ferris, J.A. and Lenton, S., 2015. Hidden populations, online purposive sampling, and external validity: Taking off the blindfold.Field Methods,27(1), pp.3-21. Bhui, K.S., Dinos, S., Stansfeld, S.A. and White, P.D., 2012. A synthesis of the evidence for managing stress at work: a review of the reviews reporting on anxiety, depression, and absenteeism.Journal of Environmental and Public Health,2012. Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015.Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Bryman, A., 2015.Social research methods. Oxford university press. 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Sarantakos, S., 2012.Social research. Palgrave Macmillan. Soane, E., Shantz, A., Alfes, K., Truss, C., Rees, C. and Gatenby, M., 2013. The association of meaningfulness, well?being, and engagement with absenteeism: a moderated mediation model.Human Resource Management,52(3), pp.441-456. Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015.Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Thompson, W. ed., 2013.Sampling rare or elusive species: concepts, designs, and techniques for estimating population parameters. Island Press. Tillett, W., Shaddick, G., Askari, A., Cooper, A., Creamer, P., Clunie, G., Helliwell, P.S., Kay, L., Korendowych, E., Lane, S. and Packham, J., 2015. Factors influencing work disability in psoriatic arthritis: first results from a large UK multicentre study.Rheumatology,54(1), pp.157-162. Treiman, D.J., 2014.Quantitative data analysis: Doing social research to test ideas. John Wiley Sons.